Animal Kingdom




INVERTEBRATES (8 phylums)

    Phylum Porifera (sponges)
        *1st animals
        *asymmetrical
        *hermaphrodites
        *sessile
        *asexual reproduction-fragmentation, budding, gemmules
        *sexual reproduction-most are hermaphrodites

    Phylum Cnidarians (sea anemone, hydra, jellyfish)
        *1st animals to move
        *most are hermaphrodites
        *radial symmetry
        *simple nervous system

    Phylum Platyhelminthes (flat worms)
        *1st animals to have a head
        *hermaphrodites
        *bilateral symmetry
        *simple nervous system
        *1 body opening

    Phylum Annelids (earthworms, leeches)
        *segmented worms
        *hermaphrodites
        *bilateral symmetry
        *nervous system with simple brain and nerve cord

    Phylum Nematoda (roundworms)
        *bilateral symmetry 
        *two openings
        *about 1/2 are parasites

    Phylum Mollusca (clam, oyster, octopus, scallop)
        *have foot and mantle
        *many have radula
        *bilateral symmetry
        *has a heart
        *3 groups: bivalves, gastropods, cephalopods

    Phylum Arthropods (crabs, lobsters, ants, bees )
        *80% of all animals
        *jointed appendages
        *bilateral symmetry
        *need oxygen ( gills, tracheal tubes, book lungs )
        *metamorephosis

    Phylum Echinodermata (sea urchin, sea cucumber, sea star, sand dollars)
        *marine animals
        *no brain, but has a nerve ring
        *respiration: tube feet to take in oxygen


VERTEBRATES (1 phylum)

       Phylum Chordata
amphibians
birds 
fish
mammals
reptile


Favorite Animal: 
polar bear
~ vertebrate
~Phylum Chordata
~Ursus maritimus
~lives in Artic Circle 
~carnivore
~mating takes place in April and May
~polar bears generally have polygynous mating system
~after mating, the fertilized egg remains in suspended state for about four months
~walk around with its 4 legs, but will swim to get from ice to ice